Advancing Cancer Diagnostics: Non-Invasive Detection of Circulating Tumor DNA

Authors

• T Nguyen
• A Dinesh
• R Akhdar
• H Walline
• C Brenner

Abstract

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a viral infection, particularly in the oropharyngeal region, encompassing over 200 related viruses. Certain HPV types are often transmitted sexually or through other skin-to-skin contact and are categorized into low-risk and high-risk types, with the latter capable of causing various cancers. Developing non-invasive diagnostic techniques is crucial for early cancer detection and effective treatment monitoring. This study aims to create a blood-based test for detecting cancer by isolating circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from patient blood samples in preparation for ddPCR analysis. The study began by extracting cell-free DNA from patient’s blood plasma samples utilizing the QIAamp MinElute ccfDNA kit, optimizing ctDNA isolation to ensure high yield and purity. Advanced liquid biopsy techniques were employed to detect and quantify ctDNA, allowing the identification of genetic biomarkers typically present in tumor tissue. Our data findings indicate that ctDNA effectively reflects changes in tumor dynamics, potentially reducing the time required for treatment adjustments. By monitoring ctDNA levels, we may be able to test the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions in real-time and also detect minimal residual disease after completion of therapy, thereby improving patient outcomes. This research highlights the potential of ctDNA testing as a transformative tool in cancer diagnostics and personalized medicine. The non-invasive nature of liquid biopsy offers a patient-friendly alternative to traditional tissue biopsies, minimizing the risk and discomfort associated with invasive procedures.

Scientific Focus Area: Cancer Biology

This page was last updated on Tuesday, August 6, 2024