Differences in the Oral Mucosa-Adherent Microbiome in Persons with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Healthy Controls

Wednesday, September 24, 2014 — Poster Session IV
10:00 a.m. –12:00 p.m.	FAES Academic Center	NINR	MICROBIO-3

* FARE Award Winner

Authors

• N.H. Fourie
• D. Wang
• P.A. Smyser
• S.K. Abey
• L.B. Sherwin
• B. Rahim-Williams
• W.A. Henderson

Abstract

Gastrointestinal (GI) dysbiosis is associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The aim was to assess oral mucosa-adherent microbial communities in IBS patients and controls and explore their relationship to a GI stressor. Microbial DNA was purified from the buccal mucosa of volunteers (n=38). The microbiome was characterized using PhyloChip™ Arrays (SecondGenome). A GI stressor was orally administered and urinary cortisol was measured. Statistical analyses tested for differences in the diversity and abundance of bacterial phylotypes among clinical phenotypes. IBS patients (n = 19) had different abundances of Prevotellacea, and Lachnospiraceae taxa (p≤0.02) compared to controls (n = 19). Patients with diarrhea prone IBS (n = 5) had an increased (p≤0.0006) abundance of these taxa. The abundance of 51 Lachnospiraceae phylotypes were significantly correlated to urinary cortisol. IBS patients exhibited a lower cortisol response. Overexpression of Prevotellaceae is associated with carbohydrate rich diets, metabolic inflammation and IBS. Increased abundance among Lachnospiraceae taxa is associated with high fat diets and IBS. Stress is implicated in the etiology of IBS and known to facilitate dysbiosis. These results suggest that the oral microbiome reflects dysbiosis typical of IBS. The mucosa-adherent oral microbiome may be a convenient proxy for the detection of microbial imbalances.

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