Using real-world data from the All of Us Research Program and UK Biobank to investigate the impact of Tuberculosis

Authors

• MP Peyton
• G Rosenfeld
• A Gabrielian
• M Harris
• Z Yaniv
• A Rosenfeld
• D Hurt

Abstract

Real-world data (RWD), defined as data routinely collected from various sources related to patient health status and/or the delivery of health care, has experienced significant growth. RWD is generated from a wide range of technology-driven services and devices. Moreover, coordinated efforts and programs, such as the All of Us Research Program (AoU) and UK Biobank (UKB) have contributed to this data amplification. Both programs provide robust health datasets to support researchers in advancing biomedical and public health research. With increased RWD, we questioned whether data repositories like AoU and UKB could be utilized to investigate the impact of tuberculosis (TB). We hypothesize that they could serve as reference data for comparison with selectively collected data, including the NIAID TB Portals (TBP). TBP, an international program comprised of drug-resistant TB data from developing countries, requires a reference dataset for certain comparative analyses. Building reference control cohorts from AoU and/or UKB for comparison with TBP (e.g., case-cohort analysis) has the potential to highlight important aspects of TB treatment and healthcare utilization. To create an initial TB reference cohort from these sources, we employed the WHO TB case definition (TB bacteriologically confirmed) as well as an adapted TB case definition (SNOMED TB code on two distinct days). We identified 33 and 1,542 TB cases, respectively, within AoU. In the UKB, we identified 2,740 TB cases using the WHO TB case definition. While both countries have low TB incidence rates, we found a sufficient number of TB cases for use as a reference set.

Scientific Focus Area: Epidemiology

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